Widely considered to be one of the most influential cultural figures of the 20th century, Disney remains an important presence in the history of animation and in the cultural history of the United States, where he is acknowledged as a national cultural icon. Historiography of Disney has taken a variety of perspectives, ranging from views of him as a purveyor of homely patriotic values to being a representative of American cultural imperialism. Although there have been accusations that he was racist or antisemitic, they have been contradicted by many who knew him. He had high standards and high expectations of those with whom he worked. Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life and died of lung cancer in 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed.ĭisney was a shy, self-deprecating and insecure man in private but adopted a warm and outgoing public persona. In 1965, he began development of another theme park, Disney World, the heart of which was to be a new type of city, the " Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT). He was also involved in planning the 1959 Moscow Fair, the 1960 Winter Olympics, and the 1964 New York World's Fair. To fund the project he diversified into television programs, such as Walt Disney's Disneyland and The Mickey Mouse Club. In the 1950s, Disney expanded into the amusement park industry, and in July 1955 he opened Disneyland in Anaheim, California. New animated and live-action films followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella (1950), Sleeping Beauty (1959) and Mary Poppins (1964), the last of which received five Academy Awards. The results, seen in features such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Pinocchio, Fantasia (both 1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi (1942), furthered the development of animated film. As the studio grew, he became more adventurous, introducing synchronized sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons and technical developments in cameras. With Ub Iwerks, he developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his first highly popular success he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years. He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio (now The Walt Disney Company) with his brother Roy. He took art classes as a boy and took a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18. ![]() Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress and have also been named as some of the greatest films ever by the American Film Institute.īorn in Chicago in 1901, Disney developed an early interest in drawing. ![]() He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. As a film producer, he holds the record for most Academy Awards earned and nominations by an individual. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. ![]() Walter Elias Disney ( / ˈ d ɪ z n i/ December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966) was an American animator, film producer, and entrepreneur.
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